Sun Yude

Organized by 爱在西元 on 2022-04-06
Introduction to Sun Yude(pipa)Master performer

Sun Yude (1904-1981), ancestral home in Yuepu Xinxing Town, Baoshan County, was born in Shanghai on November 23, 1904. my country's famous folk musicians. During his lifetime, he served as the first deputy head of the Shanghai Chinese Orchestra, a member of the Chinese Musicians' Folk Music Committee, a member of the Shanghai Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and the deputy director of the Shanghai Folk Music Committee. He also served as a member of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Sun Yude has loved folk music since his apprenticeship. He often learns the performance skills of folk music from folk music lovers during lunch and night breaks. In 1920, after being introduced by a classmate, he joined the "National Music Research Society" in Nanshi, where he learned dongxiao and pipa from the tutors of the research society, and later became the backbone of the society's pipa and dongxiao.

In 1924, Sun Yude studied a large set of pipa music under the tutelage of Wang Yuting, the master of the Shanghai School of Pipa. Wang Yuting's teaching is strict and serious. Work during the day, and find time to practice the instrument at night. Sometimes he was afraid that it would be too late to wake up his family, so he hid on the sun deck to practice. On a snowy day, the ten fingers went from being cold and stiff until the palms became hot and sweaty. When I was a beginner, there were often blood marks on the pipa that were strangled by the strings. With his tenacious perseverance and assiduous research spirit, he has overcome one difficult piece after another, and his performance skills have rapidly improved and become more mature. In 1925, the "Xiao Orchestra" (leader Li Tingsong), with Li Tingsong (Pipa), Sun Yude (Dongxiao), Li Zhenjia (Erhu, replaced by Su Zuyang after his death), and Yu Yueting (Yangqin) as the backbone, was active on the music stage in Shanghai. Their performances were very frequent, so their reputation grew, and their influence was widespread. Even the consulates of various countries in Shanghai and the Soviet embassies in China invited them to perform, which had a great influence on the Chinese music circle at that time.

In 1938, Sun Yude participated in the "Chinese Cultural Troupe" based on the righteous indignation of resisting Japan and saving the country, and went to the United States with Wei Zhongle, Xu Guangyi and others to perform, exposing and accusing the Japanese aggression against China, and introducing Chinese culture and art to the American people. He also recorded two Xiao solo pieces, "The Sound of Xiao in the Red Tree" and "Autumn Thoughts on the Dressing Table". Their footprints have covered more than 30 cities including Los Angeles, San Francisco, Chicago, New York and Washington, and they have been welcomed by American audiences. American newspapers praised Sun Yude as the music ambassador of modern China.

After returning to China in May 1939, Sun Yude was invited to serve as a tutor for the Chinese music group of the "Shanghai Friendship Tour Group". In 1941, the Chinese music group was named "National Music Research Association", which was later changed to "Shanghai Chinese Music Research Association", and Sun Yude was elected as the president.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the party and the government attached great importance to the cause of national music, and Sun Yude's dream of revitalizing the national music of the motherland finally came true. In 1951, the Shanghai Folk Music Circle established the "Shanghai Chinese Music Friendship Association", and elected Wei Zhongle as the chairman and Sun Yude, Chen Riying, and Jin Zuli as the vice-chairmen. The association will unite the Chinese music groups in Shanghai, organize various activities, and make Shanghai's national music industry prosperous. In addition to frequently participating in performances on various domestic occasions, he has also visited India, Myanmar, Indonesia, the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries successively with the Chinese cultural delegation.

In 1957, after the establishment of the Shanghai Chinese Orchestra, Sun Yude served as the first deputy head, and since then he has become a professional musician, so that his musical talents can be further developed.

He has served as the first deputy head of the Shanghai Chinese Orchestra, a member of the Chinese Musicians' Folk Music Committee, a member of the Shanghai Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and the deputy director of the Shanghai Folk Music Committee. He has also served as a member of the Shanghai CPPCC. He passed away on November 28, 1981, at the age of 77.

Sun Yude's pipa playing inherits Wang Yuting's style. He learned from others' strengths, and absorbed and melted the techniques of chanting, kneading, rubbing, and betting on the guqin learned by Zhang Ziqian, Wu Jinglue and others, as well as the characteristics of the contrast between the virtual and the real, and applied them to the pipa performance, making the lute playing more delicate and quiet. And full of flavor. He plays a large set of pipa tunes with firmness in the text and softness in the martial arts. He is especially good at playing "Song on the Plug", "Xunyang Night Moon", "Qinglian Yuefu" and other literary pieces. The music has been processed by him and has a unique style, especially the urgent and fine wheel of the right hand, coupled with the deep push-pull and kneading skills of the left hand, the music has the artistic effect of ups and downs, exquisite and clear.

He places great emphasis on technique serving the situation and mood. Most pipa players use the index finger to play the board, and regard the big finger to play the board as irregular, and he advocates that the two should not be neglected, and should be used flexibly according to different pieces of music, such as "Inverted Curtain", "Yangchun Baixue", "Three Six" and Some phrases in "Lao Liu Ban" are better played with the thumb. In the playing skills of the big fingerboard, he also created the fingering of the three-finger wheel to make the melody more vivid and delicate.

Sun Yude used traditional techniques to adapt and create pipa songs such as "Sings of Joy", "Heroes Overcome the Dadu River", "Variations of Lao Liuban", "Fengyang Flower Drum", which reflect reality and enthusiasm for new people and new things. Wrote the "Pipa Playing Method". Over the years, the recordings and recordings of solo and ensemble pipa, dongxiao and qinxiao produced by Sun Yude, as well as the performance works left behind, are the precious heritage of the national music industry.

Reference materials and contributors
孙裕德

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