Surnai has a long history and was first seen in the murals in Cave 38 of the Kizil Thousand Buddha Caves in Baicheng, Xinjiang, with images of musicians playing Surnai.
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Hu Meiling is a young teacher of the Folk Music Department of the Conservatory of Music, and a postgraduate tutor.
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In the early 1980s, Song Baocai, a wind musician of the Central National Song and Dance Ensemble, had a folk-made Surnai gifted by a friend. When he was playing, he felt that the sound was not correct, so he took it to the Beijing National Musical Instrument Factory and asked Wu Zhongfu, a wind music producer, to repair it. When Master Wu saw this wind instrument from Xinjiang, he felt that not only the inner diameter was not round, but also the hole spacing was not standardized, so he wanted to make a new Surnai on the basis of the original shape.
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On festivals or festive occasions, an advocacy band composed of Surnai and Nagra is placed on the top platform of the tall mosque in the village and town. The most common people are a Surnai, a pair of Nagra and a bass Nagra. (Dongba drum), in grand national festivals, two surnai and three pairs of nagra are used.
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When playing Sournay, the tube is placed upright. Press the first, second, third, and fourth holes for the little finger, ring finger, middle finger, and index finger of the left hand, the fifth, sixth, and seventh holes for the ring finger, middle finger, and index finger of the right hand, and the back hole for the thumb. The oboe whistle on the top of the buccal body is played.
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The wooden suona is composed of a pipe body, a core, a gas sign and a pipe whistle, with a total height of 46 cm.
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