Today, I will share with you the hooking and finger shaking of the guzheng.

1. The octave of the thumb and the middle finger should be called a big hook, and the octave of the index finger should be called a "small hook".

2. "Big hook" is divided into two types: "clamping" and "lifting". The thumb and middle finger of the clamp are straightened into an A-shape, and the fingers are spread away from the string when picking up the sound. Alto 5 and Bass 5), slide over the second string to pronounce, and then use your fingertips (the tip of the armour) to rest on the second string (Alto 3 and Bass 6). The law leans on the inner first string, and the other finger is open. After plucking the string in the same way, it leans on the string. When the two fingers take turns, one finger always leans on the string. Note that the clip uses a large joint, that is, the third joint. Some people use the second joint for the thumb because of the natural hand shape. If it is possible, it is better to use the third joint, which can achieve a better balance of swinging mechanics. The name finger is generally attached to the village, and it does not matter if it is not attached. This method of playing is good for calendar sounds (scratching) and finger shaking, but is not good for small hooks. Occasionally, when using the index finger, the second joint is used to hook the string upward. Almost all traditional Henan zheng people use this typical method. The late Liang Zaiping, Masters such as Ren Qingzhi and Chen Leishi are typical examples. Once again, the middle and second fingers of the thumb are straight when clipping the bullet. Some people's thumbs are too short to form a symmetrical clip. The middle finger has to be bent, but the third joint should still be moved. Some people are used to the first thumb. One joint is bent outward, as long as it stays still. Because the clip is played from top to bottom, the sound is thick and strong, and because it relies on the strings, it is stable, especially the calendar and finger shakes are fast, clear and powerful. It is difficult to practice clipping at first, but once you are familiar with it, it is easier to master.

3. When lifting, all the joints of the thumb, middle and second fingers are turned inward, forming a circle, as if holding a handful of air in the palm. The thumb uses the first joint and the index finger uses the second joint to pluck the string towards the palm. Before the pluck, there is a big circle. , after plucking the string is a small circle. When the two fingers take turns, the thumb forms a half large circle, the middle finger forms a half small circle, the thumb small circle is the middle finger large circle, and the two fingers move at the same time to form a symmetrical swing. Pay attention to the hand from the shoulder to the fingertip. Remain relaxed, exert strength for a moment, the breath and movements of the whole body can burst out, and then return to calm. Lifting the playing is good for the combination of large and small hooks, but it is not good for shaking the fingers (short shaking). Basically, except for the Liyin flower play, it is completely independent of the strings, and the little finger can be zhazhuang. Playing is easy to learn but difficult to master, and modern zheng is often used.

4. From a theoretical point of view, there are only two kinds of big hooks, but there are endless changes in application. Some people's thumbs tend to clip bombs, middle and index fingers tend to lift bombs, and some people usually tend to clip bombs. When the size is hooked, the bullet is used, some people use the bullet, and sometimes they add some characteristics of clipping. Everyone is born with different situations and habits. There is no need to ask who is right or wrong. What we need to ask is my situation. Is this reasonable? What's the difficulty? Can it be overcome? After everyone has practiced to a certain level, they should seek out the most suitable playing method by themselves. Maybe this is too much for beginners, just practice what the teacher teaches. You don't need to see other people's different playing methods to be suspicious, unless you don't trust your teacher and think his level is too bad.

5. Small hooks do not have the problem of clipping and lifting, because typical clippings cannot be completely used for small hooks, especially when the second finger wants to play adjacent second strings or even the same string.

6. "Shaking finger" can be divided into "short shaking" and "long shaking" in terms of musical usage. "Short shake" refers to a finger shake with a certain duration for each note. It may only have two tones, or it may be a long period of continuous finger shake. "Long Shake" is basically not counted for each sound, and the continuous holding and splitting is regarded as a long sound. This long sound can last for several beats, or it may be less than a quarter of a beat. In fact, there are only three or two sounds. Of course, long shaking can also be Shake out the entire melody. Many people shake a single long note as well as a tape, but the melody cannot be smooth. Mostly because the relationship between "short shake" is not well practiced, "short shake" should take more effort.

7. In terms of playing method and usage, "shaking fingers" can be divided into "traditional shaking" and "modern shaking" fingers. There are two kinds of traditional shaking finger worth mentioning: Henan shaking finger and Shandong shaking finger. The hand shape and essentials of the Henan rocking finger are the same as the clipping. Straighten, use the thumb major muscle, press down from the upper left of the string to the lower right, after the target string is pronounced, lean on the next string, use the rebound force of the next string to pluck the string in the opposite direction to the upper left, back and forth, back and forth To be roughly on the same curve, don't draw circles. Remember that the strings will not get stuck in your hand. It is your hand that sticks the strings. The fingers maintain a certain elasticity. The fingers are very loose when whispering. The force from the thumb muscle should not be too weak. Keep the speed and stiffness. The louder the sound, the better the fingers. Tight. In addition to being suitable for zheng music such as Henan and Shandong, this shaking method is used for general short shaking, and can be flexibly matched with hooking, which is more effective than modern finger shaking. This kind of shaking finger is usually held first and then split.

8. The problem of noise when plucking the strings is specially raised here. There are two main factors. The first is that the nails do not touch the strings directly. This has nothing to do with the angular position of the fingers. No matter from which angle the string is inserted and the string is released, the nail should be flat. Sticking to the string, it cannot be said that the left or right side of the nail hits the string first. In fact, the key is not the moment when the string is entered, but the moment when the string is pronounced. As mentioned above, if the fingers are strong enough and the fingers are relaxed and elastic, even if the fingernail is not completely positive when the string is inserted, it will automatically become the front after touching the string, and it will automatically bounce back to the original angle immediately after the string is released. The second factor is the length of time to touch the strings. The fingers have explosive power, and the touches are completed in an instant, and the noise will naturally be minimized. There are many other possible factors, especially the shape of the nails. If the nails are too thick, the sound is dull, and the sound of tapping the strings is inevitable.

9. The finger shaking in Shandong has theoretical value. Decades ago, in many places in Shandong, thumb movements were often used to judge the level of a person's zheng skills. The biggest feature of Shandong shaking finger is that the first joint of the thumb is used as the main axis, and the second and third joints become auxiliary, or even do not move at all. Use the full power of the first joint. Think of the thumb as the upper body of a person, don't move the waist, nod your head to see, and slightly hunchback, that is, the second joint is slightly bent inward, and must not be bent outwards, otherwise the movement of the whole hand will die. Many people may immediately wonder, the first joint of the thumb does not seem to be very bright, and it gets tired quickly. Can you shake your fingers? Trust me, with practice, this can be overcome. This kind of shaking finger is flexible and powerful, the sound is firm, and the noise is small. It is used for quick and short shaking, such as beads falling off a jade plate, and the grains are clear. It can even replace small hooks. Sound shapes like "353212352" can also be easily and quickly popped out. The double tones inside and outside are sonorous and powerful, and it is perfectly matched with the internal and external scratching. The thumb can move independently, or it can be next to the index finger like a modern finger shake. The Shandong shaking method is usually split first and then support. The biggest disadvantage of this type of finger shaking is that it is not conducive to long shaking, and it is a bit thankless. Even in Shandong, fewer and fewer people insist on this method, which is a pity. My practice is not ideal, and I feel that even if I don't use it, it will help a lot with the small hook and Liyin's finger-changing movements.