Judging from the development of the art of cucurbit flute in the past two decades, there is a "main line", which is the enrichment and diversification of playing skills (strictly speaking, playing skills). The reason for this is undoubtedly the prosperity of music creation.

The expansion of musical styles and the transplantation and application of performance skills, many people hold three attitudes.

One is a conservative attitude, believing that the techniques of transplanting and borrowing from other musical instruments have destroyed the original musical style of cucurbit flute.

The second is an open attitude. He believes that in order for cucurbit silk to go to the whole country and the world, it is the only way to diversify its styles and enrich its skills.

The third is the attitude of the mean, that is, insisting on both the first two viewpoints. Regardless of who is right or who is wrong for the time being, this is a matter of musical aesthetics. Since the diversification of cucurbit flute playing techniques has become a fact, we still need to adopt a scientific attitude to analyze and apply these techniques, rather than blindly insisting on "just take what you want". Use doctrine”, this article takes the flower tongue as an example.

1. About "Flower Tongue"

Many cucurbit flute teaching materials (including various wind instrument teaching materials) refer to Hua Tong as "dulu" and "tadulu", which is a kind of figurative expression among the people. In fact, the flower tongue is not a technique of wind music, but a method of pronunciation. In French, Italian, Russian, German and other languages, there are phonetic pronunciations with the characteristic of "flower tongue". How to explain it specifically, I won't go into it. (I said that the study of Hulusi music and its culture should use the method of comparative musicology, because it can solve many problems that we don’t know, that is, the “what” and “why” problems in philosophy.

2. The fundamental properties of flower tongue

The fundamental attribute of the flower tongue is the vibrato, that is, the vibrato formed on the basis of breath, with the "tongue" as the main active carrier and the air-blocking part.

Three, the three types of flower tongue

(1) alveolar vibrato

Also known as the tip of the tongue vibrato, the most commonly used vibrato on the cucurbit flute. The tip of the tongue and the gums form a barrier to form the tip of the tongue to vibrate.

(2) uvula trill

It refers to the use of airflow to impact the "little tongue", the scientific name is called the uvula, and when the mouth is opened, the sound of "he" is issued to form the small tongue vibrating.

(3) Big tongue vibrato

Tongue vibrato, also known as tongue vibrato, refers to using the root of the tongue as a support to drive the whole tongue to vibrate back and forth.

4. The application of three kinds of flower tongues on cucurbit silk

(1) The alveolar vibrato is suitable for use on the alto re, dol, bass si, la, and sol (the drum sound is sol)

(2) The alveolar vibrato is suitable for the alto sol, la or the high dol (wide range); the alveolar vibrato or the uvula vibrato can also be used for the alveolar mi;

(3) Tongue vibrato is used in long phrases, especially those with strong lyricism.