Introduce five commonly used tunings:

The five common tunings are 15, 52, 63, 37, and 26 strings. Among them, the two tunings of 15 and 52 are usually called basic tunings, which belong to the pressing method and are widely used. The other three tunings belong to the tangent method. The original position press tone refers to the first position including the two open string notes that can be controlled by the four press fingers after the left hand tiger's mouth holds the piano rod a little below the daughter. Learning to play must start from the original position, because the original position of each tuning is the basis of the rest of the position. To determine what tuning to play a piece of music, you should first focus on the lowest note of the piece.

1. 15 strings

1 The 5th string is the tuning in which the inner string is "1" and the outer string is "5". It is the easiest of the five common tunings to get started with. Under normal circumstances, any music whose lowest note is "1" can be played with 15 strings. The "Fan Erhuang" in Peking Opera music is usually played with 15 strings. If the erhu adopts "D, A tuning", the pitch of the 15-string pharynx is "1=D"; in folk music, the 15-string tuning is called "small work tune".

2. 52 strings

The 52-string is the tuning with the inner string sound of "5" and the outer string sound of "2". Any music with the lowest sound of "5" is generally suitable for playing with 52 strings. "Erhuang" in Peking Opera music generally uses 52 strings. If the erhu is tuned by D and A, the pitch of the music played with 52 strings is "1-G".

3. 63 strings

The 63 string means that the inner string is "6" and the outer string is "3". Any music whose lowest note is "6" is generally suitable for playing with the 63 string. The "Xipi" in Peking Opera music generally uses 63 strings. If the erhu is tuned by D and A, the pitch of the music played with 63 strings is "1=F"; in folk music, the fingering method of 63 strings is called "six-character tuning".

4. 37 strings

The 37th string means that the sound of the inner open string is "3", and the sound of the outer open string is "7". Any music whose lowest note is "3" is suitable for playing with the 37th string. If the erhu is tuned with D and A, the pitch of the music played with 37 strings is "1='B". In folk music, the 37 strings are called "upper tune".

5, 2.6 strings

The 26-string is a tuning in which the sound of the inner hollow string is "2" and the sound of the outer hollow string is "6". Any piece of music with the lowest note of "2" is suitable for playing with 26 strings, and the "anti-Xipi" in Peking Opera music is also suitable for playing with 26 strings. If the erhu is tuned with D and A, the pitch of the tune drawn with 26 strings is "1-C". In folk music, the 26-string pressing technique is called "chi-shaped tuning".

banhu tuning

Banhu is tuned as 1 and 5 in Qin Opera accompaniment, and it can be understood as bass or alto. The most important thing is that the chord is accurate or inaccurate in relation to the fifth, which directly affects the effect of the accompaniment, especially for amateur friends. Professional friends even more so.

There are two kinds of tuning from what I know so far.

The most common is determined by the relationship of fifths. That is, the inner string is set as 1 to set the outer string 5 (1 can be set by a tuner or other musical instruments). Of course, it can also assist the musical instrument to set 5. It should be noted that some musical instruments, such as flute, piano, etc., may also be There is a defect in relational tones. In general, the outer strings are determined by the fifth. The fifth-degree relationship must be accurate. This is a sense of music, and it is also a phoneme, which can be achieved through training.

There is also a way to determine chords through chords, also called harmonics. Banhu’s open strings and harmonics are 1 and 5 chords. There are also two methods here. One is to determine the outer strings through the inner strings, and the other is to determine the outer strings. The inner string is determined by the outer string.

1 and 5, through other instruments, to get a reference tone, then you can rotate the knob of the other string, and at the same time make the bow pull the two strings at the same time to find the harmony, which requires considerable ear tone, and it is completely possible through practice. did it.

How to tune the same song with gaohu and erhu

The gaohu tuning is four degrees higher than the erhu, namely: erhu tuning D, A strings, Gaohu tuning G, D strings.

Erhu, Zhonghu, Gaohu

Zhonghu has a habit of tuning a fifth lower than the erhu, that is, the second tone of G and D1.

The habit of gaohu tuning is four degrees higher than that of erhu, so it is the second tone of g1 and d2.

It can be seen that the pitches of Gaohu and Zhonghu are one octave different, while Erhu is in the middle;

I think what string you are asking about, if the erhu is in G key, Gaohu and Zhonghu are also in G key, there is no doubt about it, it is impossible for more than one key to appear at the same time, then it will be disharmonious. For example, in the key of G, the erhu should be played on the 52nd string, the middle hu should be on the 15th string, and the gaohu should be on the 15th string.

Erhu is tuned with inner D, outer A, middle hu, inner G, outer D (this D = the pitch of erhu's D) gaohu inner G and outer D (both higher than zhonghu, erhu's G key is the zhonghu and gaohu's D key. In one octave, the tuning habit of Zhonghu is five degrees lower than that of Erhu, that is, the second tone of G and D1, and the tuning habit of Gaohu is four degrees higher than that of Erhu, so it is the second tone of g1 and d2. It can be seen that the pitches of Gaohu and Zhonghu are different by one eight. If the erhu is in the key of G, Gaohu and Zhonghu are also in the key of G, which is beyond doubt, it is impossible for more than one key to appear at the same time, then So, taking G as an example, the erhu should be on the 52 string, the middle hu should be on the 15 string, and the gaohu should be on the 15 string.

Gaohu's tone is crisp and high-pitched, like a soprano. This characteristic of it, combined with the roundness of the bass range, makes it a very prominent place in the band. Therefore, Chinese national orchestras are generally equipped with quite important seats for the gaohu. In addition, because gaohu has a particularly rich expressiveness, it is suitable for playing lyrical, lively and gorgeous melodies. Therefore, it often accompanies the main melody of the music in a colorful way in the band, and can decorate the main melody according to emotional needs.

tuning and range

The tuning of the gaohu is generally one perfect fifth or fourth higher than that of the erhu, and it is usually set as (a1, e2) or (g1, d2). ), in an ensemble, it is best not to exceed this height. When playing solo, it can be a fifth or higher, but if it is too high, the pronunciation is tense and sharp.

Gaohu has a crisp tone, rounded bass and bright treble. It is the main instrument for performing Cantonese music, Chaozhou music, Cantonese opera and Teochew opera. There are generally 6 seats in a national orchestra. In addition to playing the main tune, it is often used for solo performances. . When playing the gaohu, the two legs clamp the qin barrel to control the volume and reduce the sand sound.

Gaohu is suitable for playing lyrical and gorgeous melody. In the band, the original tune is often decorated according to emotional needs in a colorful way, which has rich expressiveness.