The erhu has a beautiful tone, the strength changes freely, and it is close to the human voice, with rich expressive power. For more than half a century, Erhu has made great progress in both playing skills and practice. Because this musical instrument has a long history and rich performance techniques, it is difficult for learners to achieve a high level of performance and artistic realm without studying hard for a long time. How can I master the erhu playing skills faster and better?

1. The correct way to play

Correct playing methods and hard training skills are important means to perfectly express the content of the work. No matter what instrument to learn, first of all, there must be a correct method.

The correct way to play: hold the piano in your left hand, choose a chair with a moderate height, sit in front, and place your legs flat and naturally apart. The upper body should be kept naturally tall and straight, and bad habits such as hunchback, sloping shoulders, crooked body, and head should not be developed. The erhu drum should be placed on the left leg close to the lower abdomen. When holding the piano, the left arm should be naturally bent, and the elbow should not be raised too high. It should be at a 45-degree angle to the side of the body. Press the strings with your fingertips. When holding the bow in the right hand, naturally bend it into a half fist state, place the heel of the bow on the third joint of the index finger, bend the index finger naturally, and gently hold the bow rod. The thumb is pressed on the first joint above the bow rod, the middle finger and ring finger are deep between the bow rod and the bow hair, and the first joint of the middle finger is used to press the bow rod outward.

The player's pronunciation is pure and the timbre is beautiful and pleasing to the ear, which mainly depends on the mastery of the bow holding skill of the right hand. When the bow is moving, the correct position of each finger should be grasped, and attention should be paid to the coordination between them. When pulling the outer string, the vertical and horizontal force should be applied according to the strength of the erhu bow and the structure of the bow. The bow shaft will sag naturally. A soft sound can be played. When pulling the strings, due to the vertical and horizontal requirements of the structure of the erhu and the force of the bow, it is necessary to slightly loosen the bow rod away from the piano barrel to generate a vertical sagging natural force, which is the same as the natural sagging of the external string bow rod.

2. Vibrate the strings freely in relaxation

Relaxation is the commonality of playing musical instruments. Relaxation does not equal relaxation, and control does not equal tension. For beginners, when it comes to force, people often give the illusion that the right hand is holding the bow tightly, in a state of stiffness and tension. Force is as important as relaxation in performance. For example, left-hand skills must use the weight of the fingers scientifically, and consciously use the explosive force of the metacarpophalangeal joints and muscles to press the fingers strongly on the strings, and then relax. With the bow in your right hand, you must initially apply appropriate pressure to the strings so that the strings vibrate automatically. Therefore, relaxation and exertion always complement each other, and together with serious experience and hard practice in practice, can we make our performance natural and harmonious, and obtain the ideal artistic effect.

The erhu is a bowed stringed instrument endowed with lyricism and singing, with beautiful and soft timbre. The performance and change of timbre are inseparable from the use of vibrato. The free use of vibrato can not only give vitality to the sound, increase the color and emotional changes of the music, make the sound more attractive, but also enhance the appeal of the performance, better reveal the content, style and shape of the music. image. There are many types of erhu kneading, such as rolling kneading, pressing kneading, sliding kneading and so on. Tumbling is the most basic technique in vibrato. Rolling and kneading is a method of kneading strings by swinging the palm up and down to drive the first joint of the fingers to flex and extend, so that the fingertips roll evenly on the phoneme to change the length of the string and generate sound waves. Rolling kneading consists of two processes: one is to lift the palm up to straighten the first joint of the fingers and touch the string with the finger surface, at this time, the sound is slightly lower than the base line of pitch; the other is to lower the palm to bend the first joint of the fingers, The touch point rolls to the fingertips, and the sound is slightly higher than the pitch baseline. The above two processes are repeated in a loop, and the fingers are rolled evenly on the phoneme, resulting in a rubbing sound that fluctuates up and down around the pitch baseline.

3. Strengthen the training of the longbow

The longbow is the most basic of the right-handed techniques, and it is not easy to master. Once you have a good foundation in playing the longbow, you will have favorable conditions for learning other bowing techniques.

The bow movement of the longbow takes the shoulder joint as the main pivot, and uses the upper arm movement to drive the forearm, wrist and fingers to form a penetrating joint movement. The movements should be natural and coordinated, and the force of the bow hairs should be balanced and full. The key to keeping the strength full is that the upper arm must be stable, and it cannot be loose and swaying when the bow is carried. When carrying the bow, the upper arm should support the forearm, and the forearm should support the hand. Due to this series of support, the wrist can maintain an inner strength, that is, the wrist force, so that the bow can force the strings and the sound can be heard loudly. full.

When playing a longbow, you should pay attention to the beautiful sound quality. The good sound quality is pure, bright, full and firm, and the bad sound quality is dark and messy, frivolous and weak. To play a good sound quality, the speed and strength of the bow should be moderately matched to make the strings fully vibrate. Otherwise, if the bow speed is slow and the pressure of the bow hair on the string is too great, the pronunciation will be dull and messy; if the bow speed is fast and the string pressing force is too small, the pronunciation will be frivolous and weak. In short, bad sound quality means that the strings are not vibrating enough. Therefore, when practicing the longbow, we must pay attention to the speed and strength of the bow.

4. Cultivating students' autonomous ability

After students have initially mastered the performance skills of music, they should pay attention to cultivating their desire for expression, help them study music works seriously, understand the theme content, thoughts and feelings and the background of the times, and inspire them to express themselves on the basis of a correct understanding of the connotation of music. deal with. Avoid fixing the details of the music for stylized processing, and pay attention to organically combine the mastery of the skills in the details with the overall performance of the music. Ask students to play a piece of music in its entirety, and don't interrupt the performance because of a little problem or error. Point out the problem after they have played, so that the students will not be dissuaded from expressing their desire to perform, and they will have a sense of wholeness when dealing with the music.

In the teaching process, try to avoid fixing many details in the music, and listen to all performance techniques from a purely mechanical perspective. Otherwise, the students taught can only be a machine, and their performance Without vitality, let alone cultivating students' own playing style. At the same time, there should be perseverance and perseverance, and time should be allocated scientifically. Perseverance is the foundation of success, and time is the guarantee of success. Only by perseverance can we master the erhu playing skills faster and better.