Guqin notation was first recorded in words, that is, notation. Word notation is a notation that describes the fingering, string sequence and phoneme of Guqin in words. However, using a large piece of text to describe a few simple sounds will inevitably appear complicated and inconvenient to use. So in the Tang Dynasty, the qin master Cao Rou reduced it and developed it into today's "reduced character score".

Hook: read gōu, the middle finger of the right hand plucks the string inward, which is called "guhuguqunshi", which means that the bending of the middle finger should be like the neck of a wild duck.

subtractive notation writing

In the "Old Ancient Voices Gesture Map", it is said: "Lonely sings and sings, flying far away, pitiful for the film, Yiren He Mu, flying together with Luoxia, and then wandering and looking down. It is understood from the story that the gesture should be like a wild duck flying solo, spreading its wings and flying far away, but wanting to be in a group of ducks, so I look back and look down; therefore, the hand is the middle finger under the palm, and the fingers are lower Ang Chuoyue, like Zhang Yi, is very similar to Lonely flying high, bowing his head and looking forward.

"Hook" is explained in the "Siqitang Qinpu" (Ming Chongzhao Princess Zhong's Collection): "The middle fingernails are inserted into the strings to get the sound, the sound is in the middle, and the sound is second clear. Go down with the string." This sentence not only emphasizes the sound of "armor and flesh", but also summarises the gesture of entering the string with "about the string". Here "about" means swept, brush, that is, pay attention to "heavy and light out" with force, and transport refers to natural and rapid.

Fingering expression: the right hand is an orchid finger, the middle finger is three millimeters at the touch point, which falls on the strings and forms a 45° angle with the piano surface; the other fingers are naturally stretched, and the middle finger and the wrist are on the same horizontal line; the middle finger Pluck the strings behind the large joints and gently land on the next string. (Note: The middle finger should be attached to the adjacent strings. For example, after hooking the sixth string, the middle finger should be attached to the seventh string. Do not raise your hand just after hooking the sixth string. Adjust the touch point first.)

Common mistakes: The common mistakes of hooking are that the middle finger touches the string too deeply, pulls the string backward with the arm, the touch angle is too straight or leans forward, the first two joints of flexion and extension pull the string, the direction of the string is horizontal and backward, and the direction of the string is plucked. Too downward to touch the piano surface, the fingers are always stiff and unable to relax, the hand shape is skewed, the wrist is raised too high, the middle finger is raised and the strings are played directly downwards, etc.

Fingering practice: hook is the most commonly used fingering in the right hand of the guqin, which is characterized by the ability to play strong notes and sensitivity.