Suona is composed of five parts: whistle, air card, intruder, rod and bowl. Eight holes are opened on the wooden conical tube (seven in the front and one in the back). The upper end of the tube is equipped with a thin copper tube, the upper end of the copper tube is covered with a double-reed reed whistle, and the upper end of the wooden tube has a copper bowl-shaped loudspeaker. Although the suona has eight holes, the sound of the seventh hole is the same as that of the drum sound, and the sound of the eighth hole is the same as the sound of the first hole.
In 1993, Mr. Guo Yazhi, a famous wind musician, invented the suona "live core" device, which made the traditional suona play a chromatic scale and a twelve-tone system, which enriched the expressive power of the suona.
Suona active core, its inner tube is connected with air plate and air nozzle, and has bolt groove, put on a spring, inserted in the outer tube, there is a threaded hole on the side of the outer tube, and then put on a bolt and nut for fine-tuning sleeve, from the length of the sleeve. The hole is screwed into the threaded hole, and then enters the bolt groove of the inner tube. Adjust the expansion and contraction distance of the inner tube with the screw and nut. After the lips compress the air nozzle, the inner tube shortens its sound interval, so each sound hole can blow out a semitone, increasing the The volume range of the suona can be used to play various pitch-shifting music.

The core is one of the important parts of the suona. The reed is attached to the top and the main tube is attached to the bottom. The traditional core is a single-tube type, while the active core is a movable sleeve type, which can be extended and changed to change the length, and the reset depends on the action of the spring. When playing, by pressing up on the live core with both hands, you can play a temporary change of chromatic or chromatic scale. If the active core is pushed in and locked, it can be used as a high semitone transposition instrument, and the fingering remains unchanged. The small deviations in the interval relationship produced by the advance can be adjusted by controlling the mouth strength, and the player can easily adapt and make effective corrections. There are 3 kinds of specifications for the active core. Because its telescopic length can be adjusted, it solves the application problem of large, medium and small suona.