In the performance of the bamboo flute, the half-hole tone can be said to be an extremely common playing technique. Especially in some solo pieces of the Northern School, in order to express a warm and cheerful atmosphere, techniques such as portamento and duoyin are often used, so that the biggest difference between the bamboo flute and the western flute is the use of half-hole pitch for portamento and other techniques. performance, so that the performance is vivid and vivid. This kind of skill also makes the bamboo flute, a national musical instrument, more in the style of Chinese folk music and has the special charm of national musical instruments with Chinese characteristics. The hole-pressing method of the half-hole sound and the processing skills of the music play an important role in the performance of the performance. (Because it is impossible to make an example diagram, for the convenience of description, I take the player himself as a reference, and the flute hole is on the left of the player. The hole on the right is the upper half hole, the hole on the right is the lower half hole, the front half hole is the upper half hole, and the rear half hole close to the player).

1. The method of pressing the hole for the half hole sound

The half hole sound is the sound produced by pressing the half hole. Generally speaking, there are some differences in each hole of the six-hole flute (because the intervals of the third and fourth holes belong to a minor second degree relationship, so the third hole does not have a half hole pronunciation). One or four holes are the upper half hole; the second hole is the second half hole. The specific method of pressing the second hole is: according to the fingering method of the second hole, with the contact point behind the flute hole as the support (can not leave), slightly lift the middle point upward about half the distance of the hole, the specific height of the lift Subject to the pitch standard issued. There are two ways to press the fifth hole: one is to press the upper half of the hole, and the other is to press the front half of the hole. It depends on the size of the flute and the repertoire played. Generally, the big flute is pressed on the upper half hole, the small one is pressed on the front half hole, and the slow slide is played on the upper half hole, such as "Orchid in Spring", "Qinchuan Expressing Love" and so on. Quick portamento is combined according to the method of the first half hole and the fork hole, such as "Wannianhong", etc. The method of pressing the first half hole is similar to the method of pressing the second hole. The half-hole pronunciation of the sixth hole is the most commonly used in the six-hole flute. This half-hole sound is used to comprehensively process the flute music, so that the playing skills of various glissandos, duo sounds, strong and weak control sounds, etc. in the flute are more fluent. ,Perfect. Moreover, using it to play some fast music, it can achieve a completely different effect from the fork hole method. For example, in the pronunciation of the last 12 consecutive bars in "Little Eight Roads Bravely Breaking the Blockade" (the chart is the articulation of the continuous high-pitched 2161), if the two high-pitched 1s use the traditional fork-hole pressing method, that is, Open one or six holes, and press two, three, four, and five holes. It is impossible to play the required tempo of more than 170, and this problem can be easily solved by pressing the half-hole method; for example, in "Spring to Xiangjiang", there is a short continuous tonality (low, middle and high pitch 3561 3531 6135 6565, 3561, 3165, 353) The treble 1 in the middle and rear sections is slightly different from "Little Eight Roads". In this section, if the fork hole method is used, the speed can be completely followed, but when playing the treble 3 and 1, It is easy to produce muggy sound, that is, the sound that is blown is not clear, and if you use the half-hole pressing method, this problem will also be solved. There are also two ways to press the sixth hole, one is to press the upper half of the hole, and the other is to press the upper half of the hole in the front; since the two methods are not very different, it is generally determined according to personal playing habits, but in When playing fast and slow, it is usually the upper half hole and the front upper half hole respectively. (The half-hole fingering method mentioned above is a commonly used method of pressing the hole. For some half-hole pressing methods that are not very different or created by the performers themselves, they will not be described in detail.)

2. The special semitone hole method

In order to meet the needs of some special semitones and the processing of the music, some special semitones that are different from the general semitones are generated by changing the fingering method, so that the blown semitones are close to or reach the standard tone. Take the six-hole flute whose full pressing is 2 as an example: the 4th tone in the mid-bass area has the half-hole pressing method described above, but in the traditional pressing method, the single-hole 2-hole is mainly used, and its pitch is between 4 and 4. #4 Voice. In general fingering, the half-hole is the main method, but in some special or local characteristics, the single-open 2-hole tone is used to achieve special effects on performance. ”, this fingering is used in order to make the Beijing style more charming; it is also used in the granular continuous pronunciation in the first paragraph of “Hanging the Red Lantern” (Zhou Chenglong’s song) (such as 2321 6161 2321 6161 2353 2321 6165 445). Each 1 note of (all-press is 6) is used for the convenience of speed and performance. Generally speaking, there is a principle in the usage of semitones: slow use of half (half hole) is the main, and fast is supplemented by fork.

In the fifth hole and half hole, the fork hole pressing method is also often used. For example, the full pressing is 3, and the pitch is 1. The 1-fork hole for the midrange is to open the first and fifth holes for the tone; the method for the treble is to close the fourth and sixth holes. However, the timbre produced by these two methods is not as crisp and beautiful as the 5-hole half-hole, and the pitches emitted are also slightly different, so in this fingering, the principle of half-hole sound should be used as much as possible. Typical tunes are "You Orchid Meets Spring", "Jianghe Water" by Qudi and "Wan Nian Hong" by Bangdi.

In the treble part, take the drum tone 5 as an example. The fingering of treble #5 generally uses the fingering of closed two, three, five and six holes, and half open one and four holes. This fingering seems to be difficult, but it can be used in slow or fast performances, such as "Pamir's Spring". The fingering of treble #6 is to close the second and sixth holes, open the first, third and fourth holes, and open the five holes in the upper half. Due to the relationship between this tone and the three minor second of the treble interval, this tone is more common in songs with all 6s and all 3s. When practicing this tone, it is easy to slide from the high-pitched barrel tone to this tone in the form of portamento, and the representative songs include "Jianghe Shui" for qudi and "Welcome to Relatives in Mountain Village" for bangdi. The fingering of #1 with two points on the treble is to close the four holes by single pressing, which is very rarely used. The fingering of #2 with two dots on the treble (that is, two dots 1 on the treble with a full press of 3) is to open the first, second, and sixth holes, which is extremely overblown. Whether this sound can be played has a great relationship with the quality and size of the flute. Generally, this sound can only be played by the big flute. use this sound.

The traditional six-hole flute in my country is limited by the performance of the chromatic scale. The majority of flute players have used their own wisdom to create and play many excellent repertoires, solving many problems caused by the inconvenience of playing the chromatic scale on the six-hole bamboo flute. Many new playing techniques and techniques are gradually being discovered and promoted. For example, "My Horse" by Qu Xiang is a very good piece. The fingering is from 1 to 7, which vividly imitates the jumping and neighing of horses. Its distinctive music tunes, flexible fingering skills and moderate playing difficulty are loved by many flute lovers. Many of the revised foreign pieces make the performers pay more attention to the research on the practical application of the chromatic scale. Among them, "Clarinet Polka", "Little Swan", "Hora", "Spanish Matador" and so on are all very representative pieces. Their "impact" on traditional flute music is what makes our flute music more popular. A catalyst for progress in composition and performance.

The majority of flute enthusiasts must master the correct method of the half-hole flute on the premise of practicing the basic skills, and then it is not difficult to control this flute solo.